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Reference

Machining formulas, ready to run.

The core speeds-and-feeds math — surface speed, RPM, feed rate, chip load, metal removal rate, and power — with live calculators. For a tool-specific recommendation, let the Speeds & Feeds calculator do it all.

Spindle speed (RPM)

RPM = (SFM × 3.82) ÷ tool diameter

Spindle speed3,056 RPM

Surface speed (SFM)

SFM = RPM × .262 × tool diameter

Surface speed393 SFM

Feed rate (IPM)

Feed = RPM × chip load × number of flutes

Feed rate24 in/min

Chip load per tooth

Chip load = feed ÷ (RPM × number of flutes)

Chip load / tooth0.002 in

Metal removal rate (MRR)

MRR = width of cut × depth of cut × feed rate

Removal rate3 in³/min

Power (HP ⇄ kW)

HP = 1.341 × kW · kW = .7457 × HP

Horsepower13.4 HP

Notes

  • Calculators use inch units. For metric: RPM = (surface m/min × 318.31) ÷ diameter (mm); SMM = RPM × .003142 × diameter (mm).
  • Chip load per tooth scales with tool diameter; surface speed (SFM) comes from the work material.
  • These are starting points — tune to chip color, sound, and finish. The Speeds & Feeds calculator returns tested roughing and finishing numbers for your exact RobbJack tool and material.